Recent observations, however, challenge such simplified models: the threshold angle may be strongly dependant on climate oronlithology, even within a few kilometers distance. Soil production seems to increase with increasing
landslide-induced erosion, inducing a smooth transition from soil to bedrock landscapes, hence a smooth change in landslide nature. Moreover, slope failures may have different consequences on catchment morphology and the size of the drainage basin or on thefluvial morphology, in particular on the grain size distribution of material brought to thefluvial network . This fosters the need to investigate more precisely landslides dynamics and their effects on landscape evolution in depth.One major scientific challenge stands in the way of quantifying the effects of such dramatically variable processes (soil slip, rockfall, or deep-seated deformations)