The current study, using a large community-based sample from a Chinese culture, adds new contributions to the literature given that the majority of the previous studies on this topic have primarily focused on clinical populations of ASDs and on Western cultures. Other strengths of the current study include utilizing reliable and well-validated measures (i.e., SRS and SAICA) and sound statistical analyses (i.e., MIXED models). However, several limitations of this study must be noted. First, the cross-sectional design of the study does not permit firm conclusions about the causal pathways involved in the link between autistic-like social deficits and school and social adjustment. Future research that uses longitudinal designs will help elucidate the causal relations involved in this link. Second, because dependent and independent variables were both collected using mothers’ reports, it is possible that the associations between autistic traits and school and social adjustment may have been influenced by the overall positive or negative reporting bias from the mothers. To reduce this rater bias and to avoid the issue of shared method variance, future studies should include additional informants (e.g., teachers or clinicians) and/or other methods in data collection (e.g., behavioral observation or interviews). Third, because we did not assess other emotional or behavioral problems, we could not rule out the possibilities that other comorbid conditions may have contributed to the significant associations between autistic-like social impairment and school and social adjustment problems reported in this study. Fourth, it is important to keep in mind not to equate the current sample to a clinical population of ASDs when interpreting results from this study. Fifth, our sample consisted of families from Taiwan and primarily from married households. Therefore, the findings of this study may not be generalized well to other Chinese societies (e.g., Hong Kong or mainland China) or to other types of families (e.g., single-parent households).