This mycotoxin belongs to trichothecenes that comprise a family of about 200 secondary metabolites produced by the fungi Fusarium, Myrothecium and Stachybotrys during growth in food . These compounds contain substituent groups that significantly are related to their toxic potential. Edwards (2004) reported the environmental conditions that favor 4-deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation in food crops. In particular nitrogen fertilizers, minimal tillage, application of azoxystrobin (fungicide) or glyphosate (herbicide), and cultivation of grains where maize had been grown the previous year were the main recognized risk factors related to increased DON accumulation.