Luecke (1997) classified fermented sausages on the basis of final aw values, with sausages having an aw value between 0.90 and 0.95 being termed ‘semi-dry’ and those with an aw below 0.90 being considered ‘dry’. According to these criteria for classification, the sausages treated with 5% kimchi-powder were dry fermented sausage, whereas the other batches were semi-dry fermented sausages. In the USA the Food Safety and Inspection Service of the United States department of Agriculture requires a moisture/protein ratio of 1.9:1 or less for shelf-stable dry sausages and a moisture/protein ratio of 3.1:1 or less for semi-dry sausages ( USA&Canadian Fermentation Standards, 2010). Within the water activities of kimchi and kimchi-powder sausages, they could reach recommended moisture/protein ratios for shelf-stable dry or semi-dry sausages ( Ziegler, Rizvi, & Acton, 1987).