Forced swimming test (FST)
The FST was performed as described by Porsolt et al. (1979) and carried out over 2 days, i.e., a day for the pre-swimming session and a day for the test session. Briefly, in the pre-swimming session, rats were individually placed for 15 min in open cylinders (45 cm height × 20 cm diameter) containing 23 cm of filled water at 25 ± 1 °C. Twenty four hours later, rats underwent the test session. In the test session, rats were again placed in cylinders filled with water, and the duration of immobility was recorded during 6 min period. Each rat was recorded as immobile when floating motionless or making only those movements necessary to keep its head above water.