Conception as a result of nonconsensual intercourse, or rape, represents an extremely costly pregnancy. It is highly unlikely the child’s father will care for the mother and her infant.Moreover, women who conceive a child as a result of rape often face abandonment from their current partner and a reduced chance of attracting committed mates in the future (Shields & Shields, 1983; Thornhill & Thornhill, 1983, 1990). Forced copulation also precludes exercising mate choice; females have an important vested interest in the other 50% of the genes being carried by each of their offspring. As a result, itwould be in a female’s best interests to minimize the chances of conception as a consequence of rape. Indeed, there is recent evidence that human females may have an ensemble of evolved strategies that function to reduce the likelihood of being raped during the ovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle when they would be more likely to conceive.