In the study phase, the exemplar names were presented together with their category names one by one in random order for 4 s each with an interstimulus interval of 0.5 s. In all four experiments, the stimuli were presented on a white background using Eprime software version 2.0 (Psychology Software Tools, Inc., Pittsburgh, PA, USA). The order of presentation was determined by blocked randomization. A random sequence of eight blocks was presented consisting of one randomly selected exemplar from each of the six categories