A case control study with 74 patients diagnosed with lung cancer and who underwent lung resection surgery at our hospital from October to December 2010 were enrolled. Of the 74 patients, 46 accepted, and the patients who did not accept entering the PR program were considered the control group. We excluded patients who were diagnosed with a cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and COPD. Patients with a history of radiotherapy were also excluded. Per protocol analysis testing was performed. After the per protocol analysis, 31 patients (18 men and 13 women; mean age, 60.5±11.6 years; mean number of hospitalization days, 7.0±5.4 days) who had undergone systemic PR and 10 controls (six men and four women; mean age, 64.2±5.8 years; mean number of hospitalization days, 7.5±3.2 days) were enrolled in this study (Table 1).