The location of the tie rods is of major importance. The location shall be such that Bump steer effects are kept at a minimum. Bump steer is the change in toe angle due to wheel travel. A car with much bump steer will have a tendency to change its movement direction when the front wheels runs over an obstacle. The affects of this can be hazardous when running on an uneven track. The simplest way to minimize bump steer is to locate the tie rod in the same plane as either the upper or lower A-arms. Another factor to keep in mind is the camber compliance under lateral force. If the tie rods are located either above and behind or below and in front of the wheel centre the effect on the steering will be in understeer direction. If the A-arms are stiff enough the effects will be small and thereby minimize the risk of oversteering effects due to compliance in the A-arms. The length of the lever arm from the outer tie rod end to the upper ball joint determine together with the steering rack ratio the total ratio from the steering wheel’s angle to the wheel’s steering angle.