conductivities in comparison with common fluids. Various approximations
can be used to simplify the computational task. The
simplest approach is to represent the suspension by a homogeneous
single-phase system and take into account the influence of
particles by only changing the values of physical properties. In
many practical applications of multiphase flow, the mixture model
is sufficiently accurate. The mixture equations largely resemble
those for a single-phase flow, but are represented in terms of the
mixture, density and velocity. However, a supplementary term in
the mixture momentum equation arises from the slip of the
dispersed phases relative to the continuous phase.
Many researchers have studied the effects of the wavy wall on
the heat transfer of conventional fluid. Wang and Chen [1] studied
the rate of heat transfer in a sinusoidal wavy channel in the laminar
regime with uniform wall temperature. They found that by
increasing the Reynolds number and Prandtl number, the rate of
both heat transfer and skin-friction increases, and there is not a
significant enhancement in heat transfer at smaller amplitude
wavelengths.