The apple (Malus xdomestica Borkh.) is an important food crop in most regions of the world. Its growth in tissue culture has become quite common and in vitro apple propagation has become a commercial reality. Hormonal and environmental factors affecting apple shoot proliferation in vitro were investigated. An effective rooting system was developed for in vitro-proliferated apple shoots. Various factors affecting rooting in peat plugs were investigated. Tissue culture-derived stomates seemed to be non-functional. No trichomes were observed on leaves and stems of tissue culture-grown apple shoots. The lack of trichomes might interact with the wide open (non-functional) stomates of tissue culture-derived leaves to cause severe water loss.