Trichinella infection is one of the most widespread zoonoses
and has been reported world-wide with only a very few
countries claiming freedom from the infection. Trichinella is
found in at least 150 mammalian species and also in birds
(19). In Africa, this nematode parasite has been isolated from
many wild species (18). Natural cycles of infection occur
amongst reservoir hosts including carnivores, scavengers and
other predators which have an important role in transmission.
Domestic pigs, humans and horses are occasional hosts. In
Africa, Trichinella infection has not been reported in domestic
pigs south of the Sahara, although pigs may acquire sylvatic
infection (10).
In Zimbabwe, Trichinella has been detected in civet (Viverra
civetta), spotted hyaena (Crocuta crocuta) (20), black-backed
jackal (Canis mesomelas) (6) and in lion (Panthera leo)
and cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) (R. Jooste, personal
communication, 1998). Recently, the infection was reported
for the first time in farmed crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus)
(4). Routine surveillance of pig carcasses at abattoirs has not
detected the presence of Trichinella larvae for over thirty
years, suggesting either that the parasite has not been present
Trichinella infection is one of the most widespread zoonosesand has been reported world-wide with only a very fewcountries claiming freedom from the infection. Trichinella isfound in at least 150 mammalian species and also in birds(19). In Africa, this nematode parasite has been isolated frommany wild species (18). Natural cycles of infection occuramongst reservoir hosts including carnivores, scavengers andother predators which have an important role in transmission.Domestic pigs, humans and horses are occasional hosts. InAfrica, Trichinella infection has not been reported in domesticpigs south of the Sahara, although pigs may acquire sylvaticinfection (10).In Zimbabwe, Trichinella has been detected in civet (Viverracivetta), spotted hyaena (Crocuta crocuta) (20), black-backedjackal (Canis mesomelas) (6) and in lion (Panthera leo)and cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) (R. Jooste, personalcommunication, 1998). Recently, the infection was reportedfor the first time in farmed crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus)(4). Routine surveillance of pig carcasses at abattoirs has notdetected the presence of Trichinella larvae for over thirtyyears, suggesting either that the parasite has not been present
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