Group data for all outcome measures at 1, 3, and 6 months following randomization for the experimental and control groups are presented in Table 2 and Figures 2, 3, and 4. Improvement was seen in all outcome measurements in both groups at 1, 3, and 6 months (P<.001). Differences in mean total shoulder pain and functional impairment scores (total SPADI scores) between the control and experimental groups at all follow-up periods were small and statistically nonsignificant. At the 1-month follow-up, the experimental group had 1% (95% CI [confidence interval]=−7% to 9%) less shoulder pain and functional impairment than the control group. The control group had 5% (95% CI=−3% to 12%) and 0% (95% CI=−7% to 7%) less shoulder pain and functional impairment than the experimental group at 3 and 6 months, respectively. Similarly, small and statistically nonsignificant differences in scores for self-rated change in symptoms between the control and experimental groups were demonstrated at all follow-up periods. The control group was 0.2 out of 5 (95% CI=−0.1 to 0.6) better than the experimental group at the 1-month follow-up, and the experimental group was 0.2 out of 5 (95% CI=−0.3 to 0.6) and 0.1 out of 5 (95% CI=−0.2 to 0.5) better than the control group at 3- and 6-month follow-ups, respectively. No adverse effects of any treatment intervention were reported.
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