Research and applications of behavioral principles have established behavior-based safety
initiatives as potentially eective solutions to certain occupational health and safety chal-
lenges. The present study adds to the existing literature a longitudinal evaluation of an
employee-driven behavior-based accident prevention initiative implemented in industrial set-
tings. Up to 5 years of injury data from 73 companies, drawn from a target population of 229
companies who implemented behavior-based safety, were examined. Comparisons of pre- to
post-initiative incident levels across groups revealed a significant decrease in incidents fol-
lowing the behavior-based safety implementation. Eect sizes were estimated from the aver-
age percentage reduction from baseline. The average reduction from baseline amounted to
26% in the first year increasing to 69% by the fifth. These findings are critically examined in
terms of both internal and external validity. Future research will focus on dierential eects
of specific elements of the behavior-based safety initiative described herein.