The combined effect of the changes in wages and hours was that the average real monthly earnings of employed domestic workers increased by about 15% (9% for men, and 16% for women). For men, who benefited from the employment increase, total estimated earnings also rose, by about 27%. For women, however, the employment losses offset some of the wage gains, resulting in an estimated net increase in total earnings of 3.5 to 5%, figures that are not statistically different from zero. For men and women combined, total earnings rose significantly, by 8 or 9%.