We include in the incrementalist literature the traditional institutionalist model. The institutionalist model focuses on the organizational chart of government; it describes the arrangements and official duties of bureaus and departments, but customarily it has ignored the living linkages between them. Constitutional provisions, administrative and common law, and similar legalities are the objects of greatest interest; the behavioral connections between a department and the public policy emanating from it are of scant concern. Carl J. Friedrich’s Constitutional Government and Democracy is a representative word.18