Increases in the efficiency of U. S. agricultural production have caused greater environmental quality problems. A major one concerns the handling, treatment, and disposal of wastes generated by confinement feeding of cattle, hogs, and chickens. Large volumes of liquid and solid wastes are generated, and odor and dust problems also occur. These wastes contain highly concentrated nutrients. No one treatment process seems best for all situations. Aerobic and anaerobic processes, oxidation ditches, land disposal, drying, incineration, and composting and their various combinations are among the alternatives available at today's level of knowledge and technology. Ammonia release, controlled nitrification and denitrification, and crop or land management seem feasible.