quadriceps and gluteus medius muscles and improve joint movement in the lower extremities. Based on the results of these two randomized controlled trials, we hypothesized that a combination of WBV exercise and squat training might be more effective than WBV exercise alone for improving physical function, especially in terms of dynamic body balance and muscle power, in the elderly. The objective of the present study was to clarify the beneficial effect of WBV exercise plus squat training on physical function, including body balance, muscle power, and walking ability in the elderly. The primary endpoint was physical function.