If the researcher decides to change the study so that there are now four dependent variables (‘job satisfaction,’ ‘length of employment,’ ‘overall school rating,’ and ‘work environment rating’),and he now anticipates a large effect size, the number of participants required per group would decrease to 37. Sample size determination for MANOVA is therefore dependent upon the number of dependent variables as well as the effect size and the chosen power value.
This method of sample size determination is referred to as a priori estimation, which is a method that relies extensively on power values (Stevens, 2009).
Summary and Conclusions
Determining the sample