This renders the new dyes especially suitable for solid-state devices, where thefilm thickness is crucial. The absorption spectra of these sensitizers on a TiO2
electrode are broader and absorption maxima are blue shifted by
~30 nm compared to results obtained in chloroform solutions,signifying that energy levels of the sensitizer molecules have
somewhat changed due to the interaction with TiO2. It could also
indicate that these dye molecules form H-aggregates on the TiO2
electrode.