Research Design: For this research study,
quasi-experimental research, pretest-posttest
design, with partially matched experimental and
control groups, was constructed because of its
resistance to common threats to internal validity.
The design of a quasi-experiment relates to
the setting up of a particular type of experiment
or other study in which one has little or no control
over the allocation of the treatments or other
factors being studied. The key difference in
this empirical approach is the lack of random
assignment (Mouton 2001; Gray 2004).