III. Trends in U.S. Imports and Exports
The discussion in this section will address trends in total U.S. imports and exports of live, ornamental species. The data provided by U.S. Customs and USFWS will be addressed separately. The data represent a summation of annual imports and exports over all U.S. ports of entry, including those located in Florida (the latter will be discussed separately in a later section of this report).
III.A. U.S. Customs Data
The value of imported live, ornamental “fish” (HTS 0301100000) was estimated to be $45.1 million in 1998 (Table 1). This value represents a decline from a peak of $54.3 million during 1995. Annual import values had increased to the peak value during the 1989-94 period. The reported domestic export values for live, ornamental “fish” mirrored those for imports. Export values increased from $8.6 million in 1989 to a peak of $19.8 million in 1995, then decreased steadily to $10.5 million in 1998. The three- year decline was somewhat more dramatic for export values (-47 percent) than that
4
observed for imports (-17 percent) over the same period. When import values exceed export values, a negative trade balance (i.e., deficit) exists. A trade deficit for live, ornamental “fish” existed for every year during the 1989-98 period. The trade deficit for live, ornamental “fish” averaged approximately $31 million over the 1989-98 period, although the deficit averaged about $35 million during the last four years. The annual ratio of import value (I) to export value (E), or I/E, has averaged 3.26 during the 1994-98 period (1.0 equals trade balance). Trends during 1982-92 are described in Thunberg et. al. (1993).
III. Trends in U.S. Imports and Exports
The discussion in this section will address trends in total U.S. imports and exports of live, ornamental species. The data provided by U.S. Customs and USFWS will be addressed separately. The data represent a summation of annual imports and exports over all U.S. ports of entry, including those located in Florida (the latter will be discussed separately in a later section of this report).
III.A. U.S. Customs Data
The value of imported live, ornamental “fish” (HTS 0301100000) was estimated to be $45.1 million in 1998 (Table 1). This value represents a decline from a peak of $54.3 million during 1995. Annual import values had increased to the peak value during the 1989-94 period. The reported domestic export values for live, ornamental “fish” mirrored those for imports. Export values increased from $8.6 million in 1989 to a peak of $19.8 million in 1995, then decreased steadily to $10.5 million in 1998. The three- year decline was somewhat more dramatic for export values (-47 percent) than that
4
observed for imports (-17 percent) over the same period. When import values exceed export values, a negative trade balance (i.e., deficit) exists. A trade deficit for live, ornamental “fish” existed for every year during the 1989-98 period. The trade deficit for live, ornamental “fish” averaged approximately $31 million over the 1989-98 period, although the deficit averaged about $35 million during the last four years. The annual ratio of import value (I) to export value (E), or I/E, has averaged 3.26 during the 1994-98 period (1.0 equals trade balance). Trends during 1982-92 are described in Thunberg et. al. (1993).
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