Population genetics analyses require easy and nonbulky storage methods, and fast, inexpensive and reliable DNA extraction methodologies (Elphinstone et al. 2003; Mogg & Bond 2003). These requirements are fundamental for conservation genetics studies aiming to investigate DNA differences within and among populations by means of nondestructive techniques and without animal sacrifice. For these purposes, several methods have been reported to obtain DNA while avoiding animal injury. In terrestrial vertebrates, the most frequent source for DNA genotyping is peripheral blood, but its use in fish presents greater difficulties. In fact, it is difficult to perform a blood sampling on most fishes; therefore, large-size individuals, specialized staff and high sampling speed would be necessary to assure the samples’ survival. Recently, several DNA extraction procedures for fish samples have been published, using nondestructive specimens such as scales or fin clips (Whitmore et al. 1992; Yu & Orban 2001; Wasko et al. 2003). Although some of these sampling and extracting procedures are fast and relatively nondestructive, they require freezers to store samples, expensive and environmentally hazardous chemicals or commercial kits and specialized laboratory equipment. In this paper we describe a simple, cheap, nondestructive and rapid DNA sampling from fish body mucus and buccal cells from which good quality DNA from a large number of individuals can be obtained. Besides, samples are not bulky, do not require immediate processing, could be stored for years at room temperature (Smith & Burgoyne 2004) and are directly suitable for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For DNA binding FTA Cards (Whatman) are employed, a commercially available product already tested on some wildlife species by Smith & Burgoyne (2004). These authors tested FTA Cards using blood, saliva and cheek swabs of fish, amphibians, birds and mammals, demonstrating that FTA could be an interesting tool in wildlife genetics. Saliva and buccal swabs are already used for human DNA extraction. A 7-month saliva storage was positively tested and up to 9 ng of DNA for each microlitre of saliva was obtained (Ng et al. 2004). Moreover, FTA Cards increase the DNA storage period when the medium contains residual substances, as in the case of human saliva of betel chewers (Salvador & DeUngria 2003).