Climate change is one of the largest challenges of modern society and consequently reducing CO2 and other greenhouse gasses (GHG) emissions has become crucial. Urban traffic is responsible for around 40% of CO2 road transport emissions, and different measures to reduce them are greatly discussed and some are already being implemented. The use of biofuels (e.g. bioethanol, biodiesel or biogas) is a widespread issue in strategies for a sustainable transport; biofuels are proposed as an alternative to fossil fuel, and potential solution to reduce GHGs emissions. At the same time, reduction of GHGs often leads to other co-benefits, such as improvement of urban air quality and therefore reduction of associated adverse health impacts are expected.