In order to identify the distance from cages where the effects ceased, we performed a segmented regression analysis (package segmented 0.5–0.0 in R.15.0 (Toms and Lesperance, 2003)) with distance as the explanatory variable and with coverage of turf algae, dead coral, total live coral and branching coral as the response variables. In order to test correlations between the response variables, we performed a Pearson product–moment test with pairwise adjusted p-values (Holm method).