Experimental vaccine formats have included peptides, proteins,
mixtures of viral proteins, whole and split killed virus,
replication-defective viruses, and attenuated replication-competent
viruses. The advantages and disadvantages of these formats
have been reviewed (255). Delivery of peptide and protein
antigens has been performed in a variety of formats
including recombinant heterologous viruses and bacteria and
as DNA predicted to encode these antigens. Many adjuvants
have been explored with these various forms of antigen, and a
large number of animal species, routes, schedules, and doses of
vaccine and variety of virus challenges have been evaluated.
Major histocompatibility complex-inbred mice have been preferred
for their uniformity and the related ability to analyze
peptide-specific responses. After vaginal inoculation, guinea
pigs experience locally recurrent disease that mimics some
102 KOELLE AND COREY CLIN. MICROBIOL. REV.
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