developed the SAFFE instrument to assess the role of fear of falling in activity restriction
Specifically, the SAFFE was designed to improve upon previous fear of falling
measures by providing the capability to distinguish fear of falling that leads to restriction of activity
from fear of falling that accompanies activity (Lachman et al.). The SAFFE, also referred to as the
SAFE, gathers information regarding subdomains including activity level, fear of falling, and activity
restriction, and it was developed using a sample of 270 community-dwelling older adults between the
ages of 62 years and 93 years (M age = 76.16, SD = 7.91; Lachman et al.). The instrument consists of
33 items that encompass three questions (i.e., one for activity level, one for fear of falling, and one for
activity restriction) for each of 11 activities (i.e., 3 activities x 11 items).