Non-pharmacological intervention strategies directed at reducing wandering and similar restlessness disorders included in the general category of ‘agitated behaviour’ have commonly relied on the presentation of stimulation conditions [7, 10–15]. For example, Sung and Chang [14] reviewed a number of studies reporting beneficial effects of music in curbing different forms of agitated behaviour in older people with dementia. Lin et al. [16] indicated that aromatherapy (lavender inhalation) had beneficial effects on a group of Chinese patients.
Similarly, Garland et al. [10] reported positive effects of both preferred music and an audiorecorded story spoken by a family member.