The care of the chicks used in this trial conformed to
the Guide for the Care and Use of Animals in Agricultural
Research and Teaching (FASS, 2010). A total of
672 one-day-old male Ross 708 broiler chicks (Aviagen,
Huntsville, AL) were weighed, neck tagged, and placed
in 2 environmentally controlled rooms. Each room contained
4 Petersime batteries that had 12 cages spread
over 6 decks, electric brooders, and wire mesh floor.
Chicks were randomly assigned to 1 of 12 dietary treatments
combinations with 8 replicate cages per combinationand weighed. The gizzard and pancreas weights were
expressed relative to BW.