We interviewed the regulatory bodies, logistics trade associations as
well as the LSPs (both shipping agencies and freight forwarders) to understand the
barriers to logistics services in ASEAN. Shippers deal with the LSPs and hence do not
face the logistics barriers directly. At the same time, the industry associations, regulatory
bodies and port operators are a useful source of information for the infrastructure related
barriers that influence free trade. Therefore, our main focus was on interviewing the asset
and non-asset based LSPs who face such barriers directly as they deal with the customs
and regulatory authorities in the respective countries.