On an average, about 25000 suckers are required for a
nursery of 1 ha size (10000 for 1 acre nursery).
1.5 Harvesting and Yield
Leaving the fresh and young leaves from the top,
older outer leaves are generally harvested. The
plants can be removed manually or with the help
of a tractor-drawn disc harrow or cultivator. New
leaves grow from the center upward. Offshoots
are grown spontaneously next to the mother plant.
Crop is ready to harvest after 18 months of
sowing. Economic yields are obtained in 5 years
after that it needs replanting. In India, the average
yield for organically grown Aloe is about 12
tonnes/ha (on fresh weight basis).
1.5.1 Post-harvest management and Processing
Aloe should be processed within a couple of
hours of harvest so as to prevent oxidation. The
Aloe leaf consists of three layers, a. the outer
thick green rind , b. viscous, jelly-like mucilage
layer into which the vascular bundles, attached to
the inner surface of the rind, protrude and c. the
fillet consisting of hexagonal structures
containing the fillet fluid. The pericyclic cells
located at the top of the vascular bundles contains
the "Yellow Sap" or "Latex". This sap is rich in
aloin and similar anthraquinones having laxative
properties. Aloe leaves are processed either by
the traditional hand filleting method or by whole
leaf method. The traditional hand-filleting
method of processing of aloe leaves was
developed to avoid possible contamination of the
fillets with the yellow sap. In this method, the
lower one inch of the leaf base (the white part
attached to the large rosette stem of the plant), the
tapering point (2-4") of the leaf top, and the
spines located along the leaf margins are removed
by a sharp knife. The knife, is then introduced
into the mucilage layer below the green rind
avoiding the vascular bundles and the top rind is
removed. The bottom rind is similarly removed,
and the rind parts, to which a significant amount
of mucilage remains attached, are discarded.
Another portion of the mucilage layer
accumulated on the top of the filleting table is of
critical concern because of the highest
concentration of potentially beneficial aloe
constituents in this layer. The materials of the
mucilage layer, subsequent to their synthesis, are
distributed to the storage cells (cellulosereinforced
hexagons) of the fillet which is
extracted in this process. The hand-filleting
method is very labour intensive and therefore
machines have been designed and employed
which attempt to simulate the Hand-Filleting
technique. In the whole leaf method, the base and
tip are removed as previously delineated and then
the leaf is cut into sections and ground into a
particulate slurry. The material is then treated
with chemicals which breaks down the hexagonal
structure of the fillet releasing the constituents.
These constituents are filtered by means of a
series of coarse and screening filters, or passage
through a juice press to get rid of the rind
particles. The expressed juice is passed through
various filtering columns which remove the
undesirable laxative agents. This process,
performed properly, can produce a constituent
rich juice, virtually free of the laxative
anthraquinones.
1.5.2 Indoor cultivation
Generally, Aloe grows openly in the field, but it
can also be grown indoors in pots kept in sunny
southern or eastern window. Containers have to
be filled a quarter full with drainage material and
compost consisting of two parts loam and one
part coarse sand, broken bricks and crushed
limestone, with a bit of bone meal added. Plant
should be potted in the spring and watered
carefully until established. During the summer,
water can be given as soon as the soil is dry, but
from September to March very little water is
needed, just enough to prevent the leaves from
shriveling. Over watering will kill the plant.
Well-rooted plant will benefit from occasional
applications of dilute liquid fertilizer in the
summer. Large plants, however, do need an
occasional top dressing of fresh soil in each
spring; any loose soil should be removed and
replaced with new. The drainage holes should be
plugged up. Once established, the mother plant
will send off shoots, which may be transplanted
when they are at least 2.5 to 5.0 cm tall. In fact
aloes do not need to be repotted often
On an average, about 25000 suckers are required for anursery of 1 ha size (10000 for 1 acre nursery).1.5 Harvesting and YieldLeaving the fresh and young leaves from the top,older outer leaves are generally harvested. Theplants can be removed manually or with the helpof a tractor-drawn disc harrow or cultivator. Newleaves grow from the center upward. Offshootsare grown spontaneously next to the mother plant.Crop is ready to harvest after 18 months ofsowing. Economic yields are obtained in 5 yearsafter that it needs replanting. In India, the averageyield for organically grown Aloe is about 12tonnes/ha (on fresh weight basis).1.5.1 Post-harvest management and ProcessingAloe should be processed within a couple ofhours of harvest so as to prevent oxidation. TheAloe leaf consists of three layers, a. the outerthick green rind , b. viscous, jelly-like mucilagelayer into which the vascular bundles, attached tothe inner surface of the rind, protrude and c. thefillet consisting of hexagonal structurescontaining the fillet fluid. The pericyclic cellslocated at the top of the vascular bundles containsthe "Yellow Sap" or "Latex". This sap is rich inaloin and similar anthraquinones having laxativeproperties. Aloe leaves are processed either bythe traditional hand filleting method or by wholeleaf method. The traditional hand-filletingmethod of processing of aloe leaves wasdeveloped to avoid possible contamination of theแล่ ด้วย sap เหลือง ในวิธีการนี้ การต่ำกว่า 1 นิ้วของฐานใบ (ส่วนสีขาวแนบกับลำต้นของพืชขนาดใหญ่), การเรียวจุด (2-4 นิ้ว) ของใบด้านบน และสันหลังที่ตั้งอยู่ริมขอบใบจะถูกเอาออกโดยใช้มีดคม มีด แล้วนำมาใช้ในชั้นสารเมือกใต้เปลือกสีเขียวหลีกเลี่ยงการรวมกลุ่มของหลอดเลือดและเปลือกด้านบนเป็นถูกเอาออก เปลือกด้านล่างจะถูกเอาออกในทำนองเดียวกันและชิ้น ส่วนเปลือก ที่สมควรของสารเมือกยังคงแนบ จะถูกทิ้งไปส่วนอื่นของชั้นสารเมือกสะสมด้านการแล่ปลาเป็นตารางปัญหาสำคัญเนื่องจากสูงที่สุดความเข้มข้นของว่านหางจระเข้อาจประโยชน์องค์ประกอบในชั้นนี้ วัสดุของการมีสารเมือกชั้น หลังจากการสังเคราะห์กระจายไปยังเซลล์ที่เก็บข้อมูล (cellulosereinforcedรูปหกเหลี่ยม) ของเนื้อซึ่งเป็นกระบวนการนี้แยกออก แล่ปลามือวิธีคือ เร่งรัดแรงมากดังนั้นเครื่องมีการออกแบบ และว่าจ้างซึ่งพยายามจำลองแล่ปลามือเทคนิค ในวิธีทั้งใบ ฐาน และคำแนะนำจะถูกเอาออกก่อนหน้านี้ delineated แล้วใบเป็นส่วนผสม และพื้นดินสารละลายฝุ่น วัสดุที่ใช้แล้วได้รับการรักษาด้วยสารเคมีซึ่งแบ่งการหกโครงสร้างของเนื้อปล่อยสารประกอบสารประกอบเหล่านี้จะถูกกรองโดยวิธีของการชุดของตัวกรองหยาบ และตรวจคัดกรอง หรือทางthrough a juice press to get rid of the rindparticles. The expressed juice is passed throughvarious filtering columns which remove theundesirable laxative agents. This process,performed properly, can produce a constituentrich juice, virtually free of the laxativeanthraquinones.1.5.2 Indoor cultivationGenerally, Aloe grows openly in the field, but itcan also be grown indoors in pots kept in sunnysouthern or eastern window. Containers have tobe filled a quarter full with drainage material andcompost consisting of two parts loam and onepart coarse sand, broken bricks and crushedlimestone, with a bit of bone meal added. Plantshould be potted in the spring and wateredcarefully until established. During the summer,water can be given as soon as the soil is dry, butfrom September to March very little water isneeded, just enough to prevent the leaves fromshriveling. Over watering will kill the plant.Well-rooted plant will benefit from occasionalapplications of dilute liquid fertilizer in thesummer. Large plants, however, do need anoccasional top dressing of fresh soil in eachspring; any loose soil should be removed andreplaced with new. The drainage holes should beplugged up. Once established, the mother plantwill send off shoots, which may be transplantedwhen they are at least 2.5 to 5.0 cm tall. In factaloes do not need to be repotted often
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