Mothers randomized to the intervention group received the current standard of medical care for jaundice at CHEO (i.e. phototherapy and intravenous fluids) and met with one of two International Board of Lactation Consultant Examiners-certified lactation consultants (LC) once during the infant’s hospitalization. The LC’s intervention was based on established clinical practice guidelines [14] and included a review of the benefits of breastfeed- ing as well as an assessment of the mother’s breastfeeding techniques, with correction as need- ed. Mothers were taught how and when to use a breast pump and how to store breast milk. Breast pumps and related equipment were provided at no cost to participating mothers for up to 6 weeks.
Once the infant was discharged, the LC offered three weekly half-hour follow-up sessions at CHEO. We initially requested that mothers attend all three sessions but later changed the re- quirement to a minimum of one session, as many mothers refused to participate in the study due to the number of required follow-up visits. Sessions were available during day and evening hours. Breastfeeding techniques were reviewed and corrected as necessary, and the mother’s questions or concerns were addressed. Once the follow-up sessions were over, the LC provided the mother with a list of resources should further breastfeeding issues arise.