the electrochemical detection of the protein PDGFBB based on the target binding-induced rolling circle amplification (RCA). A complementary DNA (CDNA), linear padlock probe, and primer probe were utilized to introduce a RCA process into the aptamer-target binding event while a new aptamer was elegantly designed via lengthening the original aptamer by the complement to the CDNA. The aptameric sensing system facilitates the integration of multiple functional elements into a signaling scheme: a unique electrochemical technique, an attractive RCA process, reversible DNA hybridization, and desirable aptameric target recognition. This RCA-based electrochemical recognition system not only exhibits excellent performance but also overcomes the limitations associated with conventional aptameric biosensors. A recovery test demonstrated the feasibility of the developed target protein assay. Given the attractive characteristics, this aptameric recognition platform is expected to be a candidate for the detection of proteins and other ligands of interest in both fundamental and applied research.