Increasing employees’ autonomy and control over their work lives by involving them in decisions that af- fect them boosts their self-respect [88] and their sense of ownership of the organization’s goals [81]. It thus makes them more satisfied with their jobs, more mo- tivated, more committed to the organization, and more productive [89]. By analogy, autonomy granted by the parent to subsidiary top, IS, and business managers for IS planning in a multinational firm would be expected to induce ownership, commitment and responsibility, and therefore improve IS planning effectiveness. Theory Y thus suggests the following central hypothesis: