Nevertheless, there has been increasing demand to incorporate global or international dimensions to existing social studies programs. Numerous approaches of implementing international education were adopted, especially the blossoming of centers for global citizenship education. New curriculum materials as well as summer institutes and workshops for educators were offered by the Mid-American Center for Global Education, the Overseas Development Council, and Global Perspectives in Education. Many local school systems were developing global studies programs patterned after the "Columbus in the World, the World in Columbus" model in Ohio. Grants for curriculum development at the state and local level were available for the development of teaching guides and resource bibliographies, and for a limited number of workshops, institutes, and in-service programs. One instance was the new Citizen Education for Cultural Understanding Program (Dick, 1980).