Methods that can dissipate the deficity of the socioeconomic date
in surveys include using the geographical coding and location rates
(12). Using the location rate as a socioeconomic indicator does not
give information on individual aspects, but rather gives information
regarding the composition of the people living in an area and area
characteristics (e.g., poverty rate, existence of an easily reachable
health center, proximity to dump sites, etc.) (13). This infomation
can not only be used for a specific group issue, like child health,
but can also be used for whole communities in an area, but it has
to be nonreliant on indicators such as age, gender, and education
level (12). This potential solution though has a problem: there is
no consensus regarding which socioeconomic scale makes a difference in each geographical area, which presents challenges in
assessing socioeconomic disparities in health (11, 13).
Different variants are thus used to determine the socioeconomic
imparities (poverty rate, house member’s income rate, unemployment rate, population intensity, being landlord rate, Z scores). Utilizing this variety can be more efficient in etiological studies, but it
complicates the comparisons of different studies (11).
Values in the region are necessary to evaluate the effects of the
socioeconomic effects of the regions people live in on their health
outcomes (14).
Children from families with low socioeconomic conditions have a
high risk of being born with a low birth weight, malnutrition, being
exposed to passive smoking, and infection. Besides, educational
opportunities are more restricted (14).