Most important was also generating relations of trust: this process developed by having the participants experience a relationship of trust first with the action researchers themselves (e.g. in Phase 1), then in the relationship with the other organizational actors even when they expressed differences. These stages were crucial since without the gradual development of trust, it would not have been possible to develop the PAR and to obtain the achieved outcomes. This also requires the action researcher to be skilled at bringing into play in a useful way asymmetry and his/her authority as an expert, such as in proposing tools and in maintaining the setting (Galuppoet al., 2011).