Several behavioral factors were significant independent predictors of personal PM exposure. Our proxy measure for exposure to traffic pollution was positively associated with exposure. Each additional 1000 steps taken (?20–30 min of traffic exposure) was associated with 3% (95% CI: 1%, 4%; P < 0.001) higher PM exposure. Never ventilating the kitchen during cooking (i.e., never opening windows or doors) was associated with 75% (95% CI: 0%, 201%; P = 0.06) higher exposure relative to always ventilating. Stove maintenance was also a significant predictor of exposure. Never having cleaned the cookstove chimney was associated with 27% (95% CI: 3%, 57%; P = 0.03) higher exposure relative to having cleaned it within the past month. Increasing ambient temperature was associated with 4% lower (95% CI: )6%, )2%; P < 0.001) PM exposure in the univariate analysis, but it lost its statistical significance after controlling for season suggesting that, within a season, temperature has little effect on exposure.
Several behavioral factors were significant independent predictors of personal PM exposure. Our proxy measure for exposure to traffic pollution was positively associated with exposure. Each additional 1000 steps taken (?20–30 min of traffic exposure) was associated with 3% (95% CI: 1%, 4%; P < 0.001) higher PM exposure. Never ventilating the kitchen during cooking (i.e., never opening windows or doors) was associated with 75% (95% CI: 0%, 201%; P = 0.06) higher exposure relative to always ventilating. Stove maintenance was also a significant predictor of exposure. Never having cleaned the cookstove chimney was associated with 27% (95% CI: 3%, 57%; P = 0.03) higher exposure relative to having cleaned it within the past month. Increasing ambient temperature was associated with 4% lower (95% CI: )6%, )2%; P < 0.001) PM exposure in the univariate analysis, but it lost its statistical significance after controlling for season suggesting that, within a season, temperature has little effect on exposure.
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