The findings revealed that most of the students held alternative conceptions of heat and temperature. Many students were confused of the concepts of heat and temperature and could not explain the differences between heat and temperature. Some students still regard that the words “heat” and “temperature” are the same things. This finding was likely similar to the work by Kesidou and Duit (1993), Elwan (2007). which pointed out students’ difficulties in distinctions between heat and temperature in the extensive–intensive framework. Additionally, many students held alternative conceptions that heat depend on the temperature of the object only because they viewed that higher temperature objects would have more heat energy. Heat capacity and specific heat capacity were often poorly differentiated in student’s mind as reported by Van Roon et al. (1994). Many students could not predict the final temperature