with a higher intake of one meat with an equally lower intake of the chosen substitution meat, with total meat intake held constant. There was a significant inverse association between substitution of fish for red meat and the risk for colon cancer [adjust IRR per 25 g/d = 0.89 (95% CI: 0.80-0.99)]. In substitution model of fish fir the 4 red meat subtypes, there was an indication of an inverse association with substitution of fish for beef [adjust IRR per 25 g/d = 0.87 (95% CI: 0.76-1.00)] and significant association with substitution of fish for lamb [adjust IRR per 25 g/d = 0.65 (95% CI: 0.48-0.88)] but not between substitution of fish for pork or veal. No association between substitution of poultry for red meat was found, but there was a significant association between substitution of poultry for lamb [adjust IRR per 25 g/d = 0.73 (95% CI: 0.54-0.98)]. We found an indication of aninverse association between substitution of beef for lamb [adjust IRR per 25 g/d = 0.75 (95% CI: 0.55=1.01), P= 0.0583] and a significant association between substitution of pork for lamb [adjust IRR per 25 g/d = 0.69 (95% CI: 0.52-0.92)].For rectal cancer, there was no association between substitution of fish for red meat or poultry for red meat; however , there was an indication of an inverse assocoation between substitution of fish for pork [adjust IRR per 25 g/d = 0.83 (95% CI: 0.69-1.00)]. P= 0.0527] significan inverse assocoation between substitution of poultry for pork lamb [adjust IRR per 25 g/d = 0.79 (95% CI: 0.64-0.98)] Among red meat types, substition of pork for beef was associated with a significantly higher risk for rectal cancer [adjust IRR per 25 g/d = 1.43 (95% CI: 1.11-1.84)]