The 23 MUIS-C items are scored 1-5 on a Likert scale, where 1 = strongly disagree and 5 =
strongly agree. Respondents are asked to complete all items based on their perception of
their condition. Some respondents who have difficulty with a particular item may find that if
they evaluate the item in the context of a true or false strategy, they can then respond using
the Likert format. If an item does not apply, they may write “not applicable” and this item is
scored as a 0 on the Likert scale. All 23 items are summed to calculate a total score, with a
range 23 – 115; the higher the score, the greater the uncertainty. The mean scores of the
MUIS-C ranged from 42.5 to 85.5 in 18 samples of chronically ill adults (n=1068) (Mishel,
1997b).