Performance Measurement and Evaluation
In an activity-based responsibility system, performance measures are process oriented.
Thus, performance evaluation focuses on improvement of process characteristics, such
as time, quality, and efficiency. Financial consequences of improving processes are also
measured, usually by cost reductions achieved. Therefore, a financial perspective is included.
A strategic performance management system expands these evaluations to include
the customer and learning and growth perspectives as well as a more
comprehensive financial view. The organization must also deal with performance evaluation
of things, such as customer satisfaction, customer retention, employee capabilities,
and revenue growth from new customers and new products. However, the
difference is more profound than simply expanding the number and type of measures
being evaluated. Exhibit 13-3 summarizes the comparison of performance evaluation
for the activity- and strategic-based approaches.
594 Part 3 Advanced Costing and Control
3. Christopher Ittner and David Larcker, “Coming Up Short on Nonfinancial Performance Measurement,” Harvard
Business Review, November 2003, 88—95.
Performance