The Gauls occupied south-western France from the 3rd century BC until the Romans conquered the region. The Romans cultivated the first vines, built roads and enabled the creation and growth of commerce in Budigala (Bordeaux), Versunna (Perigueux) and Aginum (Agen).
The collapse of the Roman Empire saw the region invaded by the Vandals, the Visigoths and then by Clovis and the Franks in the 6th Century. As with the rest of France, Aquitaine saw a succession of feudal regimes as a series of French kings struggled to bring France under unified rule.
During the 10th and 11th Centuries, Aquitaine was divided between the two duchies of Aquitaine and Gascony. When Eleanor, Duchess of Aquitaine married King Louis VII of France, the Duchy of Aquitaine was added to the kingdom of France. However her subsequent divorce and re-marriage to Henry Plantagenet, future King of England, saw the two united duchies added as dowry to the English throne.
When Charles IV of France died in 1328, the absence of a male heir meant that the Plantagenet King of England, Edward, was the closest in the direct line to the throne of France. However an assembly of Barons awarded the crown to Philippe de Valois, Count of Maine and Anjou. The resulting conflict was to last for more than a century.
The Hundred Years War (1337-1453) was fought predominantly on French soil and the walled cities and castles of Aquitaine bear testimony to the central role that the region played. By the time the French captured Bordeaux in 1451, the inhabitants of Aquitaine had been under English rule for 300 years, and therefore considered themselves English. They sent messengers to Henry VI of England demanding the recapture of the province and in 1452 greeted the arrival of John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and his army of 3000 men. The final battle was fought at Castillon in 1453 and was won by the French as it was the first battle in European history, where cannons were the deciding factor.
The Parliament of Bordeaux was created in 1462 as a measure against the instability in France that continued from the Wars of Religion. Despite the uncertainty of the times, Aquitaine’s prosperity had, on occasion, flourished due to the strategic importance of its towns, its trade links, and the popularity of its wine amongst nobility in both England and France. By the 18th Century, it was one of the richest and largest regions of France and the architecture of this time is a testament to the era.
Befitting a region whose cultural legacy bore Montaigne and Montesquieu during the Renaissance and Enlightenment respectively, Aquitaine’s involvement during the French Revolution was primarily intellectual.
- See more at: http://www.hunt-a-home.com/france-area-guide/aquitaine.php#sthash.4sqfQM5d.dpuf
The Gauls occupied south-western France from the 3rd century BC until the Romans conquered the region. The Romans cultivated the first vines, built roads and enabled the creation and growth of commerce in Budigala (Bordeaux), Versunna (Perigueux) and Aginum (Agen).
The collapse of the Roman Empire saw the region invaded by the Vandals, the Visigoths and then by Clovis and the Franks in the 6th Century. As with the rest of France, Aquitaine saw a succession of feudal regimes as a series of French kings struggled to bring France under unified rule.
During the 10th and 11th Centuries, Aquitaine was divided between the two duchies of Aquitaine and Gascony. When Eleanor, Duchess of Aquitaine married King Louis VII of France, the Duchy of Aquitaine was added to the kingdom of France. However her subsequent divorce and re-marriage to Henry Plantagenet, future King of England, saw the two united duchies added as dowry to the English throne.
When Charles IV of France died in 1328, the absence of a male heir meant that the Plantagenet King of England, Edward, was the closest in the direct line to the throne of France. However an assembly of Barons awarded the crown to Philippe de Valois, Count of Maine and Anjou. The resulting conflict was to last for more than a century.
The Hundred Years War (1337-1453) was fought predominantly on French soil and the walled cities and castles of Aquitaine bear testimony to the central role that the region played. By the time the French captured Bordeaux in 1451, the inhabitants of Aquitaine had been under English rule for 300 years, and therefore considered themselves English. They sent messengers to Henry VI of England demanding the recapture of the province and in 1452 greeted the arrival of John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and his army of 3000 men. The final battle was fought at Castillon in 1453 and was won by the French as it was the first battle in European history, where cannons were the deciding factor.
The Parliament of Bordeaux was created in 1462 as a measure against the instability in France that continued from the Wars of Religion. Despite the uncertainty of the times, Aquitaine’s prosperity had, on occasion, flourished due to the strategic importance of its towns, its trade links, and the popularity of its wine amongst nobility in both England and France. By the 18th Century, it was one of the richest and largest regions of France and the architecture of this time is a testament to the era.
Befitting a region whose cultural legacy bore Montaigne and Montesquieu during the Renaissance and Enlightenment respectively, Aquitaine’s involvement during the French Revolution was primarily intellectual.
- See more at: http://www.hunt-a-home.com/france-area-guide/aquitaine.php#sthash.4sqfQM5d.dpuf
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