Thus, there was a tendency toward higher values of loss of solids in fresh spaghetti formulated with higher levels of DPP (between 72 and 80 g 100 g1), lower EPP (7e10 g 100 g1) and intermediate to high levels of AF (13e21 g 100 g1). The highest loss of solids occurred near experimental point 1. This was also one of the experiments that showed a higher optimum cooking time (4 min), which showed that starch granules near the surface may have absorbed a great deal of water.