Formative assessment is intended to (a) assist students in the identification of
understanding; (b) to clarify what comes next in the learning process; (c) to become part
of an effective system of intervention for struggling students; (d) to help students monitor
their own progress towards attainment of standards; and (e) to motivate students by
building confidence in themselves as learners (Stiggins & DuFour, 2009)