Fig. 4. The total effects of the justifications (A: Useful for you, B: Number of others, C: Useful for others,
D: Explanation) on the different outcomes, tested against the baseline condition (No justification). Vertical
axes are in sample standard deviations of the measured factor (i.e., 95% of the participants have a value
between −2 and +2). Error bars are 1 standard error of the measurement.