Wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) of several species cause severe cosmetic and economic injury to daughter tubers. Populations are expanding globally, due largely to the attrition of most organochlorine and organophosphate insecticides used since the 1950s. Where wireworms could once be controlled for several years with organochlorine insecticides, contemporary management strategies for wireworms are taking on more regional, species-specific and multi-tactical approaches. The requisite knowledge and expertise underlying these approaches involves taxonomy (traditional and molecular); biology and ecology (life history, behavior, distribution, habitat and host preferences, chemical ecology, phenology); surveillance (wireworm and adult sampling and risk assessment); and species-specific response(s) to a variety of integrated pest management approaches (e.g. crop rotation, cultivation, tolerant varieties, soil amendments, biological and semiochemical controls and low-risk insecticides). These topics are reviewed in this chapter, along with suggestions as to the more likely and productive avenues of research to address now and in the future.