Therefore, the considerably higher GR activity in
the T soybean leaves further suggests that the ascorbate–
glutathione cycle is directly affected by the genetic alteration.
As will be discussed further when the proteomic results
are presented, key chloroplast proteins were differentially
abundant. The combined result for GR and APX also suggests
that the concentrations of the non-enzymatic antioxidants
ascorbate and glutathione may differ between T and NT
soybeans, which are further evidence of different redox states
in the two genotypes.