Host-virus interaction
Innate immune response inhibition
Influenza A virus inhibits the cascade leading to production of interferon-beta by targeting different cellular proteins. NS1 inhibits host RIG-I activation upon recognition of viral RNA, and subsequent induction of IFN-beta expression.
PB1-F2 inhibits host MAVS activation.
Host protein shutoff aa NS1 induces host gene expression shutoff by inducing host mRNA suppression through polyadenlyation inhibition. The viral mRNA are not affected because their polyA tail is generated by polymerase stuttering.