The thermal properties of flour samples were measured using 61 DSC-Pyris Diamond (Perkine-Elmer Corp, Norwalk, CT, USA).
The calorimeter was calibrated with an indium standard. About 3 mg of ultrasound-treated or untreated WWF samples were accurately placed into aluminium DSC pans (the accuracy was 0.1 mg), and 6 mL of distilled water was added by micropipette in order to achieve a flour-water weight ratio of 2:1.
The sample pans were sealed and equilibrated at room temperature for 24 h before analysis and then heated following a determined temperature program (from 25 C to 85 Catarate of 10 C/min) using an empty pan as reference.